He became a leader of Muslims protesting the declining status of the Caliphate. basing politics on religion) he reached out widely to all religious groups. A lifelong opponent of "communalism" (i.e. Returning to India in 1915, he set about organizing peasants to protest excessive land-taxes. Gandhi became famous by fighting for the civil rights of Muslim and Hindu Indians in South Africa, using new techniques of non-violent civil disobedience that he developed. The son of a senior government official, Gandhi was born and raised in a Hindu Bania community in coastal Gujarat, and trained in law in London. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India.
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